Before it was founded, the Colorado Springs, Colorado site was part of the American border. Old Colorado City, built in 1858 during Pike's Peak Gold Rush is the capital of the Colorado Region. The city of Colorado Springs, founded by General William Jackson Palmer as a resort town. Old Colorado City is annexed to Colorado Springs. The railroad brings tourists and visitors to the area from other parts of the United States and abroad. The city was listed for crossroads for seven rail lines: Denver and Rio Grande (1870), Denver and New Orleans Manitou Branch (1882), Colorado Midland (1886-1918), Colorado Springs and Interurban (1887-1932 horse/electric tram) , Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe (1889), Rock Island (1889), and Colorado Springs and Cripple Creek (1900-22 Short Line) Railways. It is also known for mining exchanges and brokers for Cripple Creek Gold Rush.
Palmer, Spencer Penrose, and Winfield Scott Stratton provide land and funding for parks, buildings, and nonprofit organizations. It is home to successful mine owners, artists and writers. Climate and mountain setting make it a popular tourist destination and health resort. The dry climate supports the resort for people with weak lungs or tuberculosis, including the Colorado Springs sanatorium of the 19th and 20th centuries.
In 1928-1929, Alexander Aircraft Company was "the largest aircraft manufacturer in the world." The city supported three military installations of World War II and the Cold War. The North American Air Defense Command Center (NORAD) is located inside the city before being moved to Cheyenne Mountain.
Video History of Colorado Springs, Colorado
Geological history
Important formations, such as Mount Cheyenne in the city's southwest, are made up of raised Precambrian Pikes Peak grenades in the Rocky Mountains of Ancestral. The formation of the hills of the city - including Mesa, Institute Heights, and Knob Hill - created valleys for Camp's children, Cheyenne, and fountains entering the city to the west; Monument Creek from the north; and Cottonwood & amp; Sand river (east). Bluff is formed with North American Eocene coal deposits from the Colorado Springs lignite fields. Eponymic mineral springs, which flowed in 1912 from an aquifer under elevated elevations, included the Mineral Springs Horn in 1210 Lincoln, Monument Springs on the western edge of Monument Creek in Monument Valley Park, and Jimmy Springs at the camp. There were also other springs located at that time on the streets of Bijou, Kiowa, 7, and Cucharra and West Cheyenne Street.
Maps History of Colorado Springs, Colorado
Before setting up
Native American settlements
Orang Ute believes that the Pikes Peak area is their home. Their name for Pikes Peak is Tavakiev, which means the mountain of the sun. They live with the nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Summer is spent in the mountains, which is considered by other tribes as Utes territory. In the fall they will travel to the Ute Pass and visit the springs where they "give offerings to the springs springs for good health and good hunting". From there they begin their journey eastward to hunt buffalo. They spend the winter in the mountain valley where they are protected from the weather. Garden of the Gods artifacts from up to 3,500 years ago, such as grinding wheels, "suggest the groups gather together after their hunt to finish tannery and meat processing." For example, the grinding wheel found there from c. 1330 B.C. used by Ute people.
Arapaho, Cheyenne, and other tribes also gathered in the Manitou Springs and Garden of the Gods area. Cheyenne Mountain, named after the Cheyenne people is considered a good source of wood for the teepee poles. Waterfalls are believed by Cheyenne and Arapaho to be a spiritual place where people may get inspired, which is probably why they visit CaÃÆ' Â ± local ounces.
In 1882, Utes was forced to stay on a reservation in southwestern Colorado and eastern Utah.
Agreement and explorer settler
Part of the American border, Colorado Springs landed in New France (1682 agreement), New Spain (1762 agreement), and Louisiana United States purchase began in 1803. When the territory was purchased by the United States with Louisiana Purchases, explorers entered the area. Zebulon Pike explored the territory in November 1806. Land belongs to the city now designated as part of the 1854 Kansas Area and on June 24, 1857, a team of Column Major John Sedgwick camped in the mouth of Jimmy Camp Creek. In 1858, a US Army camp the following April was near the Soda Springs in Manitou Springs, and the Lawrence Party camped at the Garden of the Gods in July before building a town in or after September of that year in Montana City, which is now a part of Denver, Colorado.
Foundation
Goldfever settlement
Colorado City, now called Old Colorado City, was established at the Fountain and Camp River encounters on August 13, 1859, making it the first Pikes Peak area settlement. The Colorado City Region became part of the Jefferson Territory on October 24 and El Paso County on November 28, 1859. From November 5, 1861, until August 14, 1862 (including one legislative session), the city was the capital of the Colorado Region until moving to Denver.
Roads to the area include a highway connected to the northeast with Overland's 1865 "Express Shipping Route". Head south from Colorado City, a street stage (now the Old Streets Road) that pass through the canyon of South Cheyenne Creek to Cripple Creek, and a railroad through North and South Cheyenne Canyons and westward is Ute Pass Wagon Road. Another route to the area is the North-South Cherokee Trail/Jimmy Camp Trail, which is near Goodnight-Loving Trail.
Establishment and establishment of Colorado Springs
General Civil War William Jackson Palmer came to the Colorado Region as a surveyor with the Kansas Pacific Railway to look for possible train routes. William Abraham Bell of England is also part of the survey party. After seeing the valley in the shadow of Pikes Peak as the ideal city site in July 1869, Palmer and Bell founded the Fountain Colony, downstream of Colorado City, on July 31, 1871, and laid out by the Colorado Springs Company that year. The town was named Colorado Springs in 1879. Named for three natural mineral springs near Monument Creek or springs near Manitou Springs.
El Paso County seats were moved from the City of Colorado in 1873 to the City of Colorado Springs. Initial infrastructure included 60Ã, mi (97Ã, km) of irrigation channels along the road and drinking water supplies from Manitou's Ruxton Creek in 1879. Water was diverted to the Ruxton Creek Basin from Middle Beaver Creek basin in 1889.
The town is "Little London" for many British tourists and settlers actively recruited by Palmer English colleagues. William Abraham Bell and the British financial supporter Palmer who provided the capital for the railway, the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad served the city from October 1871. In 1873 Colorado Springs became the county seat for the county; Previously, Old Colorado City was the county seat.
The Pikes Peak region was one of the most popular tourist destinations in the United States at the end of the 19th century. The city saw the influx of writers, artists and people from England in the late 1870s, some of whom made their home in the city. Some of the main attractions are the Garden of Gods, Glen Eyrie, Pikes Peak, and Cheyenne Canyon.
Domestic and international travelers are attracted to high altitude, sunshine, mineral water, and dry climates. The city is described as "the true Eden for consumption disability". At the height of its period as a health resort for tuberculosis treatment in Colorado Springs, there are 17 tuberculosis hospitals in the area. Residents remain afraid of catching highly infectious diseases almost resulting in state bills that would require tubercular patients to use bells to announce their presence.
The Colorado School for the Deaf and Blind and Colorado College was founded in 1874. Palmer opened the Antlers Hotel in 1882. Colorado Springs was founded on June 19, 1886,
After completion
The end of the 19th and early 20th century
The Colorado Midland Railroad began operating in the city in 1885. Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad began operations in 1889. Trolleys ran into Manitou Springs the following year. Colorado Springs grew 164% when 11,140 people settled in the city between 1880 and 1890.
After the discovery of Cripple Creek gold in 1891, the people who made a fortune from the gold rush and the industry built large houses on Wood Avenue, then in the undeveloped area of ​​downtown Colorado Springs. Several large stone buildings such as Colorado College, St. John's Church Mary, the first Antlers Hotel, a library, and a county courthouse are built on wide streets, in anticipation of significant population growth. In 1898, cities that had grown through annexation of Old Colorado City, Ivywild, Roswell and other cities were set to be quadrants by the north-south Cascade Avenue and the Peak Washington/Pike east-west streets, along with the 27-41 electoral districts and five environments with fire alarm zone.
Inventor Nikola Tesla built and operated its wireless power experimental station in 1899 at Knob Hill, near the current Foote and Kiowa intersection. Governor James Hamilton Peabody sent troops to the City of Colorado in 1903 to complete the miners' strikes. They founded Camp Peabody on what became the Colorado War 1903. In 1905, the lake at Monument Valley Park was built at a cost of US $ 750,000 (equivalent to $ 20,428,000 in 2017), the YMCA building was built for $ 100,000 (equivalent to $ 2,724,000 in 2017), and the Broadmoor Country Club built one of the two cities. polo field.
There were plans in the 1911 plan to build the Colorado Springs Union Depot to consolidate two train passenger depots, but it never finished. The zoological park was built along Cheyenne Creek, near Bear Creek Road (now Eighth Street), in 1916 and the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo was built in 1925 above The Broadmoor resort on Cheyenne Mountain Zoo Road. In 1919, William Kennon Jewett handed the Colorado Springs Golf Club golf course to the City of Colorado Springs. Flight plane to Broadmoor neighborhood field began in 1919, Alexander Airport (later called Nichols Field) in the north of the city opened in 1925 and land was purchased in 1927 for the first Colorado Springs Municipal Airport.
The successful mine owner, Winfield Scott Stratton, funded Myron Stratton Home for mobile homes and parents housing, donated land for City Hall, main post office, courthouse and park; he also greatly expanded the city's trolley cart system and built the Mining building. Spencer Penrose and his wife, during their lifetime, financed the construction of The Broadmoor resort (1918), the Pikes Peak Highway, the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo (1921), Will Rogers Shrine of the Sun (1937), make an important contribution to what is now known as Penrose-St Francis Health Services, and founded the El Pomar Foundation, which still oversees many of its contributions in Colorado Springs today. The Palmer bronze statue on the horse was inaugurated in 1929. For many residents living in Colorado Springs in later years, Palmer was known as the "iron riding man".
Many large mansions in Colorado Springs were made into apartment houses or boarding houses during the Depression of the 1930s and when there was a shortage of housing during World War II. Some homes are also converted into office space.
Purchase and annexation of land
Colorado Springs annexed Roswell in 1880. The city bought 640 acres in Cheyenne CaÃÆ' Â ± North after Colorado Springs residents chose to measure in 1885.
Between 1889 and 1890 Seavey In addition, West Colorado Springs, East End, and other North End additions annexed to the city. In 1891, the Broadmoor Land Company began developing the suburbs of Broadmoor and built the Broadmoor Casino. On December 12, 1895, the city had "four Mining and 275 mining brokers." Silver Cascade Falls, Helen Hunt Falls, N. Cheyenne Canyon Road, and other land in North Cheyenne were purchased and donated to the city in 1907 by William Jackson Palmer. The caÃÆ' Â ± on is considered by the Park Commission to be "by far the grandest and most popular of all the beautiful caÃÆ' Â ± ons near the city." Some areas near the city center, such as North End and Wood Avenue annexed by 1912 and Colorado City (now called Old Colorado City) annexed in 1917. After a break between 1917 and 1946, annexation began in earnest. Some examples of annexed areas are: Pleasant Valley (1950), Knob Hill (1952), Austin Bluffs (1958-1965), Pike View (1962), Papeton (1968), Woodmen Valley (1969), and Stratton Additions (1966- 1971).
Between 1960 and 1970 the divisions of Mount Cheyenne, Elmere, Black Forest-Peyton, Fountain, Pikes Peak and Monument annexed to Colorado Springs, resulted in a population increase of 37,500 in 1970. Broadmoor and Skyway annexed, without the voting of the inhabitants, before Poundstone The state amendment (1974) came into force. Briargate was annexed in 1982.
Garden
The first city park in Colorado Springs, included in the city's original plan in 1871, was Acacia Park. Originally called Acacia Square or North Park. General William Jackson Palmer donated land to build Acacia and additional parks, including: Antlers Park, Monument Valley Park, North Cheyenne CaÃÆ'Â ± on, Palmer Park, Pioneer Square (South) Park, Prospect Lake, and Bear Creek CaÃÆ' Â ± on Park. He donated a total of 1,270 hectares of land, some of which are also used for scenic drives, tree-lined walkways and walkways and bridles. Perkins heirs donated the Garden of Gods to the city in 1909.
Military installations
The city bought land on the southern border of the city and donated it to the War Department. After the Pearl Harbor attack, the US Army established Camp Carson, which was named General Kit Carson, near the southern border of the city as a training facility in preparation for World War II. The Colorado Springs Municipal Airport was used by the Colorado Springs Air Force Air Force and assigned to the Air Force in 1942 for photo-reconnaissance training. It was renamed Peterson Field to Lieutenant Edward J. Peterson who died on take off from the field.
After World War II there was little military presence in the city. Camp Carson has only 600 soldiers. When the Korean War began the entry of military personnel. Over time, Camp Carson grew and became a significant industry in the city. In 1951, the US Air Defense Command moved to Colorado Springs and opened Ent Air Force Base.
In 1954, Camp Carson became Fort Carson. That year the United States Air Force Academy was founded.
The main facility of NORAD was built in Cheyenne Mountain, which permanently secured the city's military presence and as a result increased city revenue, and opened in 1966. Ent Air Force Base was closed and in 1977 converted into the United States Olympic Training Center. Peterson Field was renamed Peterson Air Force Base and was activated permanently.
In 1983 Falcon Air Force Base, (then Schriever Air Force Base), was established as a center of missile control and missile control. Air Force Space Command is located in Peterson AFB.
The end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
Between 1965 and 1968, the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Pikes Peak Community College and Colorado Technical University were established in the city.
In 1972, the first place List of the National Historic Site of the city was 1903 El Paso County Courthouse. The first designated historic district was the 1979 Rock Ledge Ranch Historic Site. In 1977, most of the former Air Force Base became the first US Olympic Training Center, and the US Olympic Committee moved there in 1978.
In 2012, the Waldo Canyon fire destroyed 346 homes and killed two people in the city.
Gallery
- Commercial and public buildings
Note
References
Bibliography
External links
Media related to the History of Colorado Springs on Wikimedia Commons
- Pioneer Museum of Colorado Springs
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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