Eleuthera ( ) refers both to an island in the Commonwealth of the Bahamas archipelago and to related groups of smaller islands. Eleuthera forms part of the Great Bahama Bank. Eleuthera Island combines the smaller Port Islands. "Eleuthera" comes from the Greek feminine adjective ????????? ( eleutheros ), which means "free". Known in the 17th century as Cigateo , it is located 80 km (50 miles) east of Nassau. Length and thin - 180 km (110 miles) long and less than 1.6 km (1.0 miles) wide. Its east side faces the Atlantic Ocean, and its west side faces the Great Bahama Bank. The topography of this island varies from the vast pink sand beach to the huge outcrop of the ancient coral reefs, and the population is around 11,000. The island's main economy is tourism.
Video Eleuthera
Geografi dan margasatwa Edit
The name Eleuthera refers both to a single Bahamian island and is also used to refer to a small island-related chain, which includes Harbor Island, Windermere Island, Isle Man and the Current Island. Eleuthera forms part of the Great Bahamas Bank on the western edge and its east coastline faces the Atlantic Ocean. The main island lies 80 km (50 miles) east of Nassau. It is a long and thin island; Length 180 km (110 miles) and slightly more than 1.6 km (1.0 miles) wide at the narrowest. The island has an estimated area of ​​457.4 square kilometers, and presents a coastline of 336 km (210 miles).
The topography of the island varies, including the vast pink sand beaches, huge outcrops of ancient coral reefs, caves and other geological features. The island features, among other flora and fauna, 13 species of native amphibian and reptile species, three of which are listed as endangered in 2000. The main island is home to a 25-acre nature reserve; Leon Levy Native Plant Reserve, which includes an environmental education center. The waters around Eleuthera contain many sharks and rays, attributed by the local Cape Eleuthera Institute to ban long-line fishing in local waters.
Maps Eleuthera
History Edit
The island's first settlers are believed to be from the main continent of America. This includes the original population of Taino, or Arawaks. After Spanish visits increased after the discovery of the area by Christopher Colombus, the locals either died of illness or were deported by the Spaniards to work in the Hispaniola mine (where they died in 1550). A whole wooden duho or ritual chair made by Taino people was found on the island of Eleuthera in the nineteenth century and is now in the collection of the British Museum. The island in early history is known as Cigateo , but this name changed after the next European settlement.
The island is believed to be largely uninhabited until the first European immigrants arrive in volume, with the Puritan colonies (which formed the previous year in London) arriving in 1648 from other parts of Bermuda. These settlers, known as "Eleutherian Adventurers", under Captain William Sayle gave the island its current name - ????????? eleutheria - derived from the feminine form of the Greek adjective ?????????, eleutheros , which means "free". The difficulty of settling eventually left only a few settlers on the island, thwarting their goal of creating the first democracy in the Western Hemisphere (nearly 130 years before the American Revolution).
The island was declared to have been agriculturally successful in the period 1950-1980. These include large pineapple plants for export. When the Bahamas became independent from the UK in 1973, a new ownership law changed the nature of the island economy. Since then the island has become a popular tourist destination.
In 1992 the island was badly damaged by category 5 Hurricane Andrew; great wind speeds hit the island and a tidal wave as high as 18 feet flooded the coastal area. Relief efforts helped to reduce some of the damage, including a number of help tasks performed by HMS Cardiff when the ship operated in the area.
Demographics Edit
In 2000, the official census taken by the Government of the Bahamas recorded a population of 7,999 people on the island. In 2010, the official census recorded a population of 8,202 spread over 2,718 separate households. Census 2010 states that the island's population density is 57.6 people, per square mile. In 2017 it is stated that the island population is about 11,000.
Economy and settlement Edit
Pemukiman di pulau ini meliputi (utara ke selatan) Bluff, Upper dan Lower Bogue, Current, Gregory Town, Alice Town, James Cistern, Governor's Harbour, North dan South Palmetto Point, Savannah Sound, Winding Bay, Tarpum Bay, Rock Sound, Greencastle, Deep Creek, Delancy Town, Waterford, Wemyss Bight, John Millars, Millar's dan Bannerman Town.
The largest of the settlements are Governor's Harbor (the administrative capital), Rock Sound, Tarpum Bay, Harbor Island with its unusual red sand beaches and Spanish Wells. The largest settlements in terms of population in Eleuthera are Dunmore Town, Spanish Wells, and Rock Sound.
There is an annual Pineapple Festival at Gregory Town. Eleuthera is a destination for those interested in the history and nature of the Bahamas, and the nearby Harbor and Wells Islands of Spain offer a further tourist experience. Natural attractions include the Glass Window Bridge, Hatchet Bay cave, and Surfer Beach to the north, as well as Ocean Hole and Lighthouse Beach at the southern end. The Preacher cave at the north end was home to the Eleutherian Adventurer in the mid-17th century, and recent excavations have found Arawak to remain on site. In 2000, the per capita GDP for the island was: $ 5756 Bahamas, with major human economic activity being tourism, and 6% of the population involved in fisheries, agriculture, or mining.
Education Edit
The Island School is a private high school in Eleuthera. Deep Creek Middle School is an independent school in Eleuthera for grades seven through nine. There are 12 elementary schools (grades 1 through 6) in Eleuthera; Deep Creek Primary, Emma E. Cooper Primary, Governor's Harbor Primer, Green Castle Primary, Gregory Town Primer, James Cistern Primary, Current Island Primary, North Eleuthera Primary, P.A. Gibson Elementary School, Rock Sound Elementary School, Tarpum Bay Elementary School, and Wemyss Bight Elementary School.
Cape Eleuthera Institute is a summer research and education institution on the main island. The Haynes Public Library is located at Governors Harbor in a historic building built in 1897; it is the oldest Government Complex on the island.
Transport Edit
The island is reached by sea and through the air path from the rest of the Bahamas. Three airports serve the island. North Eleuthera Airport, with 1,835 meters (6,020 feet) runway on the north of the island and is located inland. Governor's Harbor Airport is located in the center of the main island and has services to Nassau. Sound Rock Airport is an airport in the Southern Eleuthera district of the Bahamas. Its name comes from the former district of Rock Sound.
The main island has one main road, Queens Highway, which runs along the island. This road has a total length of 177 kilometers (110 mi). In 2009, 13 million USD was awarded by the Bahamian government for 97 km (60 mi) of road improvements.
Harbor and marina open to traffic on Eleuthera including Governor's Harbor, Current Island, Harbor Island & amp; North Eleuthera, Rock Sound, and Spanish Wells. In 2011 a number of improvements were made to the dock on the island of Lancar to improve access to vehicular traffic, including replacement of wooden docks.
AS. military base Edit
NAVFAC Eleuthera Edit
United States Navy Facilities (NAVFAC) Eleuthera, Bahamas is located near Governor's Harbor Airport. It was commissioned on 1 September 1957, with a complement of 150 officers and enlisted, and Western Electric engineers and 45 Bahamian employees also supported the base. Adjacent to NAVFAC is the original site of the first series of experiments and electronics, operated by two Western Electric engineers and several military personnel, who continue to operate as a road for experimentation. NAVFAC Eleuthera was disabled on March 31, 1980 after 23 years of operation.
Eleuthera AAFB Edit
US East Range Range Tracking Station (ETR) No. 4 is located in Eleuthera AAFB (ELU AUXILIARY AIR FORCE BASE), supported by contractor employees from Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and Pan American Airways (PAA) in the 1960s and 1970s. This is used by the MISTRAM system.
In popular culture Edit
The island inspired a song of the same name, though spelled "Eleutheria", by Lenny Kravitz in 1993. Kravitz is a resident of the island and has stated many of his songs were written while on the island.
References Edit
Further reading Edit
- "Eleuthera Island: Historical Note". eleuthera-map.com . Retrieved January 6 2017 .
- "Articles and Orders, Bahamas 1647". jabezcorner.com . Retrieved January 6 2017 .
- "Cast Your Bread". Harvard Magazine . May 2010 . Retrieved May 24 2016 .
- Riley, Sandra (preface by Thelma B. Peters) (2000). Home Bound: History of the Bahamas to 1850 with the Abaco Definitive Study in the Loyalist Period of the Americas . Miami, FL: Island Research. ISBN: 0966531027 . Retrieved January 6, 2017 . CS1 maint: Using the author parameters (links)
- Staff BHC (January 6, 2017). "The Commonwealth of Bahamas History" (PDF) . London: The Bahamas High Commission (BHC) . Retrieved January 6, 2017 .
External links Edit
- Media related to Eleuthera on Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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